Shanghai and Paris are the boulevards their civilizations dress up for. Both grew enormous between 1850 and 1930, and both spent the rest of the 20th century deciding what to do with the architecture, the music halls, the journalism, the fashion industry, and the new middle class that period built. Both are river cities whose river is a national symbol. Both have a relationship with their political capital that is one part affection, one part eye-roll.上海与巴黎，是各自文明特意盛装出场的林荫大道。两地都在 1850—1930 之间扩张为巨型城市，并用 20 世纪余下的时间，决定如何安置那段年代留下的建筑、音乐厅、新闻业、时装产业与新中产阶级。两地都是江畔城市，那条江都是国家象征；两地与各自政治首都的关系，都是一分喜爱、九分翻白眼。

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  An era-defining urban planning episode (Haussmann; the Bund + concessions).塑造时代的城市规划事件（奥斯曼；外滩与租界）。

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  A magnetic literary scene that punches above the city's economy.一股远超城市经济体量的磁性文学生态。

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  A fashion industry as soft-power vehicle of the whole nation.作为全国软实力载具的时装产业。

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  A media gravity well that determines national mood.决定全国情绪的媒体引力井。

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  Paris is the political capital; Shanghai is not.巴黎是首都；上海不是。

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  Shanghai's foreign quarter was extraterritorial; Paris's was never.上海的外国区域曾是治外法权；巴黎的从未。

1. Becoming a metropolis城市化
   CN

   1842 — opened to foreign trade.1842——开埠通商。

   EU

   1853–70 — Haussmann's grand redesign.1853—70——奥斯曼的大规划。

2. Golden age黄金年代
   CN

   1920–37 — Paris of the Orient.1920—37——东方巴黎。

   EU

   1900–14 — Belle Époque.1900—14——美好年代。

3. Reinvention再造
   CN

   1992 — Pudong opens, second take-off.1992——浦东开放，第二次起飞。

   EU

   1989 — Grands Projets; Pyramid at the Louvre.1989——「大工程」；卢浮宫金字塔。

Both cities are now museums of themselves and engines of new culture at the same time — which is exactly what global cosmopolitan capitals are supposed to be.两地如今同时是「自身的博物馆」与「新文化的引擎」——这恰是世界级都会的应有之义。

• Shanghai Modern
  Leo Ou-fan Lee · 1999
• Paris: Biography of a City
  Colin Jones · 2004